Black walnut is a Temperate Zone forest tree found in the eastern U.S. its bark is rough and dark; the leaves are pinnately compound, with ovate lanceolate, serrate leaflets. Male and female flowers grow in seperate catkins. The fruit is a deeply grooved nut inside a spherical rind.

Bark: astringent. Leaves: detergent. Rind: herpatic. An infusion or decoction of the bark can be taken for diarrhea and to stop the production of milk. Use it also as a douche for leucorrhea and as a mouthwash for soreness in the mouth or inflamed tonsils. The leaves can be used to make a cleansing wash, and the green rind of the fruit makes a good poultice to get rid of ringworm.

Until 1900, horehound, a relatively nonaromatic member of the mint family, was an accepted medicinal in the U.S. pharmacopeia. The plant, with its furry leaves and tiny whitish flowers, has almost no aroma and tastes rather bitter. Studies have demonstrated that horehound breaks up phlegm, relieves bronchial congestion, and triggers bile production. The medicinal chemicals responsible for horehound's expectorant action, marrubiin and marrubinic acid, also help stabilize heart rhythem.

White horehound can also help with, Bloating, bronchitis, gallbladder disease, liver disease, heart disease, diabetes, asthma, laryngitis, respiratory disease, high blood pressure, and colds.

White pine is a large North American evergreen tree found growing from Newfoundland to Georgia and Iowa. Reaching a height of 150 feet or more, the tree is covered with deeply fissured, gray-brown bark.

Expectorant. The inner bark of white pine has long been a standard remedy for coughs and congestion due to colds, as a tea or as an ingredient in cough syrup. This goes back to the American Indians, some of whom also used the resinous sap and the young leaves as cold remedies. Some tribes used the inner bark or the sap as a poultice or dressing for wounds and sores.

White willow, with its long, thin, finely serrated leaves, originated in central Asia an Europe but is now naturalized over a good portion of eastern North America, as far north as Nova Scotia and as far south as Georgia.

It's been used to combat pain and treat fevers for 2,500 years. The inner bark of the white willow tree, however, is often credited as the original and most frequently used source of it.

White willow can also help with, Rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing, spondylitis, cataracts, chest pain, corns, diarrhea, fever, gout, heart disease, infections, inflammation, influenza, and colds.

Native Americans made a tea from the bark to curtail diarrhea and soothe lung afflictions. The remedy was good enough for early Americans to include wild cherry in many cough elixirs.

The herb is a decent decongesttant that helps curb coughing, settle spasms, break up phlegm, and cool inflammation. It's also slightly sedating-all in all, a nice combination when you're feeling under the weather.

Wild cherry can also help with, Bronchitis, cancer, insomnia, anxiety, debility, fever, pneumonia, respiratory disease, stress, intestinal inflammation, and pain.

Wild yam is a perennial vine which grows in the U.S. from Rhode Island to Minnesota, Florida and Texas. It is 5 to 18 feet long and found twining in thickets and hedges and over bushes and fences.

Antispasmodic, diaphoretic, diuretic, expectorant. Wild yam is diuretic, expectorant, and possibly emetic in large doses. It was once commonly prescribed for bilious colic. Wild yam is said to be soothing to the nerves and beneficial for neuralgia and pains in the urinary tract. Some have considered it an antispasmodic and recommended it for cramps. During pregnancy, small frequent doses will help allay nausea.

Woodruff is a perennial plant, 6 to 12 inches high, found in woods and gardens in Europe, Asia, and North Africa; it is cultivated in the U.S.

Woodruff is beneficial for jaundice and recommended where a tendency toward gravel and bladder stones exists. It also acts as an anodyne for migraine and neuralgia, and as a calmative for nervous conditions such as restlessness, insomnia, and hysteria. The tea relieves stomach pain, regulates, heart activity, and is diuretic and lightly diaphoretic.